Rome’s Greatest Technological Developments

Reading time: 7 minutes
Rome.
The capital city of modern day Italy, and one of the most famous, successful and longest-lasting empires to ever exist on planet Earth.
The Romans, both in the eras of the Roman Republic and the Empire, had a knack for stealing, adapting, and improving upon technologies, tactics, and ideas they encountered from other cultures – often those they fought, ranging from the Etruscans to the Greeks and Persians.

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The sources of Russian conduct

Reading time: 14 minutes

This essay examines the sources of Russian power and conduct from an historical, cultural and geopolitical perspective. It aims to help assessment of Russia’s future behaviour. My approach is based on the essay The Sources of Soviet Conduct written by the famous US State Department diplomat and leading Russian expert George Kennan (under the pseudonym ‘X’) in the journal Foreign Affairs in 1947. Kennan was struggling to get Washington to understand the threat from the Soviet Union so soon after the end of World War II, when the USSR had been an ally of the United States.

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Talking heads: what toilets and sewers tell us about ancient Roman sanitation

Reading time: 9 minutes
Focusing on life in ancient Rome, Pompeii, Herculaneum and Ostia, I’m deeply impressed by the brilliant engineers who designed these underground marvels and the magnificent architecture that masks their functional purpose. Sewer galleries didn’t run under every street, nor service every area. But in some cities, including Rome itself, the length and breadth of the main sewer, the Cloaca Maxima, rivals the extent of the main sewer lines in many of today’s cities. We shouldn’t assume, though, that Roman toilets, sewers and water systems were constructed with our same modern sanitary goals in mind.

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Social and Cultural History

Latest

The World’s Sweet Tooth: A Brief History of Chocolate

Reading time: 6 minutes It’s hard to imagine the modern Western world without chocolate. Whether it’s a treat on the weekend, or as a gift for Christmas or Valentines', chocolate has become one of those foods that feels like it must’ve been around forever. Yet the sweet chocolate bars we know and love today are surprisingly new, historically speaking.

History Quizzes

Weekly History Quiz No.275

1. When did Nicolaus Copernicus publish ‘On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres’ which explained that the Earth orbits around the Sun?
Try the full 10 question quiz.

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Weekly History Quiz No.257

1. After Shackleton’s ship was crushed by ice in Antarctica in 1916, where did he sail an open boat to in order to organise rescue?
Try the full 10 question quiz.

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History Guild would like to acknowledge the Boonwurrung people, the Traditional Custodians of the land on which we are based, and pay our respects to their Elders, past, present and emerging.