Weekly History Quiz No.221

Villa was a General in the Mexican Revolution and a key figure in the movement that forced out President Porfirio Díaz and brought President Francisco I. Madero to power in 1911. He is famous for ordering a cross-border attack against Columbus, New Mexico in 1916, which provoked a punitive expedition by 5,000 US troops attempting to capture Villa. Villa was assassinated by political enemies within Mexico in 1923.

Written in 1880, the piece commemorates Russia's successful defeat of the French invasion led by Napoleon in 1812.

The Newcomen steam engine, introduced in 1712, facilitated the removal of water from mines and enabled shafts to be made deeper so more coal could be extracted.

Redon's best known works were inspired by Japanese art and leaned toward abstraction, his work is considered a precursor to Surrealism.

A German mechanical engineer and physicist, Röntgen produced and detected x-rays in 1895, which were also called Röntgen rays. He received the inaugural Nobel Prize in Physics for this achievement in 1901.

A series of marches from Selma to protest African American  disenfranchisement and enforced racial segregation, the first march was met by extreme violence from the state authorities, becoming known as 'Bloody Sunday'. The march led by Martin Luther King Jr. was the third, and only successful march.

General Sir John Monash was a civil engineer, born in Melbourne, Australia. He rose to command all five Australian divisions serving in France in 1918, honing them to become 'the shock troops of the empire'. Historian A. J. P. Taylor regarded him as 'the only general of creative originality produced by the First World War'.

Part of Kennedy's inaugural address, it called on Americans to value civic action and public service.

An agreement to grant Barons more rights in order make peace between them and an unpopular King, the agreement was breached by both parties, leading to the First Barons' War.