Weekly History Quiz No.220

The Kingdom of Jerusalem was unusual for the number of female rulers that presided over it.  Read more about Melisande, Queen of Jerusalem.

Officially the Women's Social and Political Union, it was tightly controlled by Emmeline Pankhurst, who said the group's goal was 'to make England and every department of English life insecure and unsafe' until Women had the right to vote. In contrast the National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies were known as the Suffragists, who aimed to achieve women's suffrage through peaceful and legal means.

The name was changed as a result of anti-German feeling during the First World War, and the name Windsor was adopted after the Castle.

Simo Häyhä was known as the White Death, he fought during the 1939–40 Winter War between Finland and the Soviet Union. Häyhä killed over 500 Soviet soldiers in less than 4 months of combat, before being severely wounded. He is second deadliest sniper of all time, after Abdolrasoul Zarrin, an Iranian sniper with a total of 740 confirmed kills during the Iran-Iraq war.

Written between 1937 and 1939, the work is seen as being influenced by Tolkien's service during the First World War, as well as his experiences of living through the Second World War. Tolkien stated that his trench warfare experience with the Lancashire Fusiliers on the Western Front in the First World War influenced his account of the landscape around Mordor.

The Wall Street Crash of 1929, also known as Black Thursday, was a major American stock market crash that occurred in the autumn of 1929. This day saw the largest sell-off of shares in U.S. history. Hoover pursued a variety of policies in an attempt to lift the economy after this crash, but opposed directly involving the federal government in relief efforts.

A powerful ruler at a time when the Roman Empire encompassed a very significant portion of the world the Romans knew of, we can almost forgive him for his level of hubris!

A summit meeting between King Henry VIII of England and King Francis I of France held near Calais in 1520, it included a significant display of wealth by both kings. It was intended to further cement good relations following the Anglo-French treaty of 1514.

Both Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary had been part of previous summit attempts on other expeditions to Everest, with Norgay having significantly more experience. Hillary was knighted, while Norgay received the lesser honour of the George Medal.

King of the Franks, then also King of the Lombards, Charlemagne was crowned Holy Roman Emperor of what is now known as the Carolingian Empire in 800. The name Charlemagne is derived from the French Charles-le-magne 'Charles the Great'. In modern German, he is known as Karl der Große.