Weekly History Quiz No.295

Fought between Ian Smith's Rhodesian white minority government and two militant African guerillas organisations: Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army (ZANLA), and the Zimbabwe People's Revolutionary Army (ZAPU). The civil war continued until 1979, ending shortly after the implementation of universal suffrage.

Gottlieb was an American chemist and spymaster who headed the Central Intelligence Agency's 1950s and 1960s assassination attempts and mind-control program, known as Project MKUltra. This included the administration of LSD and other hallucinogenic drugs to unwitting subjects, including American civilians and servicemen. These included Frank Olson, who was given LSD without his knowledge or consent. Olson experienced a severe psychotic episode and died by suicide several days later. A 1975 investigation returned a finding of wrongful death, and Frank Olson's widow received a Presidential apology and compensation.

Entering service in 1976, it was a technologically very advanced aircraft, but it failed to secure commercial success. Despite initial projections that there was a market for 350 airframes, only 20 were sold. It continued in service with Air France and British Airways until 2003, it’s demise hastened by a fatal crash in 2000.

HMS Royal Oak, a Revenge-class battleship that had seen action during the First World War, was sunk by U-47, commanded by Kapitänleutnant Günther Prien. The U-boat entered the Scapa Flow Royal Navy base undetected, and escaped after sinking the battleship.

Known as 'The Spanish Caravaggio' because of his use of chiaroscuro, or strong contrasts between light and dark.

Russian inventor Paul Schilling built the first electromagnetic telegraph to be used successfully. A ten-word message in French dictated by Tsar Nicholas I was successfully sent 100m.

The Russian mercenary leader and oligarch created the company, known in Russian slang as the 'Trolls from Olgino' or 'Kremlinbots', which engages in online propaganda and influence operations on behalf of Russian business and political interests.

Containment defined U.S. foreign policy for decades, emphasising limiting Soviet influence rather than eliminating it outright. Rollback was more aggressive and less commonly pursued, while deterrence applied mainly to nuclear strategy.

Eunuchs were part of the Chinese court from around 146CE, and were common as civil servants as early as the time of the Qin dynasty. This practice continued for as long as the Chinese Empire lasted, the last Imperial eunuch, Sun Yaoting, died in 1996.

It is thought that Earhart ran out of fuel while searching for Howland Island, ditched at sea, and died. This was part of her 1937 attempt to fly around the world. Howland Island is half way between Papua New Guinea and Honolulu.